C++ 通过SQLite实现命令行工具

本文介绍了一个基于 C++、SQLite 和 Boost 库的简单交互式数据库操作 Shell。该 Shell 允许用户通过命令行输入执行各种数据库操作，包括添加、删除主机信息，设置主机到特定主机组，以及显示主机和主机组列表。通过调用 SQLite3 库实现数据库连接和操作，以及使用 Boost 库进行字符串解析和格式化。该交互式 Shell 提供了一些基本的命令，使用户能够方便地管理主机信息和组织结构。代码结构清晰，易于理解，可根据需要扩展和定制功能。

数据库的基本使用方法请看《C/C++ 通过SQLiteSDK增删改查》这篇文章，针对如何使用Boost解析命令行参数请看《4.9 C++ Boost 命令行解析库》这篇文章，此处只给出实现代码，如下所示；

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <time.h>
#include "sqlite3.h"

#include <boost/format.hpp>
#include <boost/tokenizer.hpp>
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace boost;

sqlite3* open_database(std::string database_name)
{
  int ref = -1;
  sqlite3 *db = 0;

  ref = sqlite3_open(database_name.c_str(), &db);
  if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
    return db;
  return false;
}
bool close_database(sqlite3 *db)
{
  int ref = sqlite3_close(db);
  if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
    return true;
  return false;
}
bool exec_sql(sqlite3 *db, char *sql)
{
  char *error_code = 0;
  int ref = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &error_code);
  if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
  {
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

// 初始化创建表结构
void Init_Database()
{
  sqlite3* open_db = open_database("./database.db");
  if (open_db != false)
  {
    std::string sql =
      "create table HostDB("
      "uid primary key,"
      "host_address char(128) not null,"
      "host_username char(128) not null,"
      "host_password char(128) not null,"
      "host_port char(128) not null,"
      "host_group char(128) not null default 'DefaultGroup'"
      ");";
    char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };
    strcpy(run_sql, sql.c_str());
    exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);
  }
  close_database(open_db);
}

// 增加一条主机记录
void AddHost_DB(sqlite3* open_db, std::string address, std::string username, std::string password, std::string port)
{
  std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("insert into HostDB(host_address,host_username,host_password,host_port) values('%s','%s','%s','%s');") % address %username %password %port);
  char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };
  strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());
  bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);
  if (ref == true)
  {
    std::cout << "[+] 增加主机: " << address << " 完成" << std::endl;
  }
}

// 删除特定主机记录
void DeleteHost_DB(sqlite3 *open_db, std::string address)
{
  std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("delete from HostDB where host_address = '%s';") % address);
  char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };
  strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());
  bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);
  if (ref == true)
  {
    std::cout << "[-] 删除主机: " << address << " 完成" << std::endl;
  }
}

// 将特定主机加入到特定主机组
void SetHostGroup_DB(sqlite3* open_db, std::string address, std::string group_name)
{
  std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("update HostDB set host_group='%s' where host_address = '%s';") % group_name %address);
  char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };
  strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());
  bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);
  if (ref == true)
  {
    std::cout << "[+] 主机: " << address << " 已加入到: " << group_name << " 组" << std::endl;
  }
}

// 输出所有主机组
void ShowHostGroup_DB(sqlite3 *open_db)
{
  sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;
  // std::string format_string = "SELECT distinct(host_group) FROM 'HostDB';";
  std::string format_string = "SELECT host_group,count(*) FROM HostDB GROUP BY host_group;";

  char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };
  strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());

  int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);
  if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
  {
    while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)
    {
      const unsigned char *host_group = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0);
      int host_group_count = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 1);

      std::cout << host_group << "                    " << host_group_count << std::endl;
    }
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
}

// 输出所有主机
void ShowHost_DB(sqlite3 *open_db)
{
  sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;
  std::string format_string = "select * from HostDB;";

  char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };
  strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());

  int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);
  if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
  {
    while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)
    {
      const unsigned char *host_address = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);
      const unsigned char *host_username = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 2);
      const unsigned char *host_paddword = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 3);
      const unsigned char *host_port = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 4);
      const unsigned char *host_group = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 5);

      std::cout << host_address << "     "
        << host_username << "     "
        << host_paddword << "     "
        << host_port << "     "
        << host_group << std::endl;
    }
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
}

// 输出特定主机组中的主机
void ShowGroupHostList(sqlite3 *open_db, std::string group_name)
{
  sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;
  std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("select * from HostDB where host_group = '%s';") % group_name);
  char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };
  strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());

  int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);
  if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
  {
    std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "主机组: " << group_name << std::endl;
    std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
    while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)
    {
      const unsigned char *host_address = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);
      const unsigned char *host_username = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 2);
      const unsigned char *host_port = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 4);

      std::cout << host_address << "     "
        << host_username << "     "
        << host_port << std::endl;
    }
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
  sqlite3* open_db = open_database("./database.db");
  Init_Database();
  std::string command;

  while (1)
  {
    std::cout << "[ LyShark Shell ] # ";
    std::getline(std::cin, command);

    if (command.length() == 0)
    {
      continue;
    }
    else if (command == "help")
    {
      std::cout << "帮助菜单" << std::endl;
    }
    else
    {
      boost::char_separator<char> sep(", --");
      typedef boost::tokenizer<boost::char_separator<char>> CustonTokenizer;
      CustonTokenizer tok(command, sep);
      std::vector<std::string> vecSegTag;
      for (CustonTokenizer::iterator beg = tok.begin(); beg != tok.end(); ++beg)
      {
        vecSegTag.push_back(*beg);
      }
      if (vecSegTag.size() == 9 && vecSegTag[0] == "AddHost")
      {
        if (vecSegTag[1] == "address" && vecSegTag[3] == "username" && vecSegTag[5] == "password" && vecSegTag[7] == "port")
        {
          std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];
          std::string set_username = vecSegTag[4];
          std::string set_password = vecSegTag[6];
          std::string set_port = vecSegTag[8];
          AddHost_DB(open_db, set_address, set_username, set_password, set_port);
        }
      }
      else if (vecSegTag.size() == 3 && vecSegTag[0] == "DeleteHost")
      {
        if (vecSegTag[1] == "address")
        {
          std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];
          DeleteHost_DB(open_db, set_address);
        }
      }
      else if (vecSegTag.size() == 5 && vecSegTag[0] == "SetHostGroup")
      {
        if (vecSegTag[1] == "address" && vecSegTag[3] == "group")
        {
          std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];
          std::string set_group = vecSegTag[4];
          SetHostGroup_DB(open_db, set_address, set_group);
        }
      }
      else if (vecSegTag.size() == 1 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowHost")
      {
        std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "IP地址     " << "用户名     " << "密码     " << "端口号     " << "默认组     " << std::endl;
        std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
        ShowHost_DB(open_db);
      }
      else if (vecSegTag.size() == 1 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowHostGroup")
      {
        std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "主机组名     " << "主机数量     " << std::endl;
        std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
        ShowHostGroup_DB(open_db);
      }
      else if (vecSegTag.size() == 3 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowGroupHostList")
      {
        if (vecSegTag[1] == "group")
        {
          std::string set_group = vecSegTag[2];
          ShowGroupHostList(open_db, set_group);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  close_database(open_db);
  return 0;
}

添加主机记录: AddHost –address 192.168.1.1 –username root –password 1233 –port 22

删除主机记录: DeleteHost –address 192.168.1.1

将特定主机设置到主机组: SetHostGroup –address 192.168.1.1 –group WebServer

输出所有主机列表: ShowHost

输出所有主机组: ShowHostGroup

输出特定主机组中的主机: ShowGroupHostList –group DefaultGroup